Author(s): Amitkumar J. Vyas, Nensi D. Santoki, Dhruvi U. Parmar, Ashok B. Patel, Ajay I. Patel, Ashvin V Dudhrejia, S. R. Shah, Devang B. Sheth

Email(s): nensipatel1702@gmail.com

DOI: 10.52711/2231-5675.2025.00001   

Address: Amitkumar J. Vyas1, Nensi D. Santoki1*, Dhruvi U. Parmar1, Ashok B. Patel2, Ajay I. Patel1, Ashvin V Dudhrejia1, S. R. Shah2, Devang B. Sheth3
1B.K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic Campus, Near Aji Dam, Rajkot, Gujarat, India, Postal Code: 360003.
2Government Pharmacy College, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. Postal code: 382027.
3L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Postal code: 380009.
*Corresponding Author

Published In:   Volume - 15,      Issue - 1,     Year - 2025


ABSTRACT:
Control of elemental impurities in medications and pharmaceuticals, as outlined in USP <232> and ICH Q3D, is a mandatory prerequisite for regulatory approval. This study introduces a microwave-assisted sample preparation method for Fenofibric Acid Tablets using diluted nitric acid. Through addition and recovery experiments conforming to oral permissible daily exposure values for Class 1 (As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) and Class 2A (Co, V, and Ni) elements, each sample was spiked with element concentrations of 2.5J and 1.5J to assess recoveries in accordance with USP <233> requirements. Our findings demonstrate the efficacy of a matrix that addresses low spike recovery issues, enabling the simultaneous determination of Class 1 and Class 2A elements in a single analysis. The analytical procedure undergoes validation for Specificity, Limit of Detection, Limit of Quantitation, Linearity, Precision (System Precision and Method Precision), Intermediate Precision, Accuracy, and System Suitability. This validated analytical method is suitable for detecting elemental impurities in Fenofibric Acid Tablets, supporting their regulatory submission in various regulated markets.


Cite this article:
Amitkumar J. Vyas, Nensi D. Santoki, Dhruvi U. Parmar, Ashok B. Patel, Ajay I. Patel, Ashvin V Dudhrejia, S. R. Shah, Devang B. Sheth. Simultaneous Estimation of Fenofibric Acid Tablets' Elemental Impurities using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis. 2025;15(1):1-6. doi: 10.52711/2231-5675.2025.00001

Cite(Electronic):
Amitkumar J. Vyas, Nensi D. Santoki, Dhruvi U. Parmar, Ashok B. Patel, Ajay I. Patel, Ashvin V Dudhrejia, S. R. Shah, Devang B. Sheth. Simultaneous Estimation of Fenofibric Acid Tablets' Elemental Impurities using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis. 2025;15(1):1-6. doi: 10.52711/2231-5675.2025.00001   Available on: https://ajpaonline.com/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2025-15-1-1


REFERENCES:
1.    United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary (USP 42-NF 37), Chapter <232>, Elemental Impurities – Limits
2.    ICH Guidance for Industry, 2019, Q3D(R1) Guideline for Elemental Impurities.
3.    United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary (USP 40-NF 35). Chapter <231>, Heavy metals.
4.    Patel, A.B., Bundheliya, A.R., Vyas, A.J., Patel, N.K., Patel, A.I. and Lumbhani, A.N. A review on metal impurities in pharmaceuticals. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis. 2021; 11(3): 212-222. doi:10.52711/2231-5675.2021.00038
5.    Li, G., Schoneker, D., Ulman, K.L., Sturm, J.J., Thackery, L.M. and Kauffman, J.F. Elemental impurities in pharmaceutical excipients. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2015; 104(12): pp.4197-4206.
6.    United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary (USP 42-NF 37), Chapter <233>, Elemental Impurities – Procedures.
7.    Chahrour, O., Malone, J., Collins, M., Salmon, V., Greenan, C., Bombardier, A., Ma, Z. and Dunwoody, N. Development and validation of an ICP-MS method for the determination of elemental impurities in TP-6076 active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) according to USP< 232>/< 233. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 2017; 145: 84-90.
8.    Pohl, P., Bielawska-Pohl, A., Dzimitrowicz, A., Jamroz, P. and Welna, M. Impact and practicability of recently introduced requirements on elemental impurities. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 2018; 101: 43-55.
9.    Balaram, V. Recent advances in the determination of elemental impurities in pharmaceuticals–Status, challenges and moving frontiers. Trac trends in Analytical Chemistry. 2016; 80: 83-95.
10.    United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary (USP 38-NF 33). Chapter <1730>, Plasma Spectrochemistry -Theory and Practice.
11.    Pinheiro, F.C., Barros, A.I. and Nóbrega, J.A. Microwave-assisted sample preparation of medicines for determination of elemental impurities in compliance with United States Pharmacopeia: How simple can it be?. Analytica chimica acta, 2019; 1065: 1-11.
12.    Rao, R.N. and Talluri, M.K. An overview of recent applications of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in determination of inorganic impurities in drugs and pharmaceuticals. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 2007; 43(1):1-13.
13.    https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00761(Last accessed on 12th October, 2019)
14.    Elemental Impurities in Aspirin, https://www.agilent.com/cs/library/applications/5991-8337EN_usp_233_icpoes_application.pdf (last accessed on January 2020)
15.    United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary (USP 42-NF 37), Chapter <730>, Plasma Spectrochemistry
16.    United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary (USP 42-NF 37), Chapter <736>, Mass Spectrometry
17.    Kumar P, Kapoor A, Kumar P, Kumari S. LC–Tof-Ms an Influential Hyphenated Technique and its Application. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis. 2023; 13(1): 35-41.
18.    Vyas AJ, Jadav CD, Patel AI, Patel AB, Shah SR, Sheth D, Dholakia S. Review on Stability Indicating Assay Method or Forced Degradation Study: Strategy and Regulatory Consideration. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis. 2023; 13(2): 131-9.
19.    Bhosale MT, Dighe PR. A Brief Review on Hyphenated Techniques. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis. 2023; 13(3): 205-9.

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